Antinuclear bodies and cytoplasm (ANA) screening test

• The material for testing is blood.
• The patient does not need to fast. It is recommended to drink a glass of water approximately 30 minutes before the examination.

Antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies (ANA) – a screening test, performed first-line, using indirect immunofluorescence. The results provide the patient with information (as recommended by the Rheumatology Society): interpretation (positive/borderline/negative), fluorescence pattern, antibody titer, antibody class, and clinical commentary.

This test is performed to diagnose autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, sicca syndrome (Sjogren's syndrome), mixed connective tissue disease, dermatomyositis, and polymyositis. Indirect immunofluorescence allows for the determination of the fluorescence pattern of antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies present, as well as the titer of these antibodies. Hep
-2 cells, recommended by the ACR (2009) and IUIS (2014), are used as the substrate for the test. They are considered the gold standard in autoantibody diagnosis, as they enable the detection of 100-150 different autoantibodies.

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