Anti-SS-A antibodies (ELISA, quantitative)

• The material for testing is blood.
• The patient does not need to fast. It is recommended to drink a glass of water approximately 30 minutes before the examination.

Antibodies to SS-A (formerly called Ro after the first patient, Robert) and SS-B (called La after the first patient, Lane) are typical markers of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Both diseases are autoimmune systemic disorders of unknown etiology that primarily affect women. Sjögren's syndrome affects exocrine glands, such as the lacrimal and salivary glands. Plasma cells indicate chronic inflammation, and the disease, described as a sicca syndrome, leads to progressive loss of function in the affected glands. Diagnosis of SS is based on the evaluation of loss of function of the exocrine ocular and salivary glands, as well as the detection of antibodies to SS-A and SS-B.

Antibodies to the 60-kDa and 52-kDa SS-A proteins are present in 70-80% of patients with primary SS, and 40-94% of these patients also have antibodies to the SS-B/La antigen. SS-A antibodies are present in 25-40% of patients with ANA-positive SLE (ANA, antinuclear antibodies) and in 65% of patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Both SS-A and SS-B antibodies are associated with congenital heart block.

52 kDa SS-A antibodies without the 60 kDa antigen are more common in SS and ANA-negative LE, and in neonatal lupus in 95% of cases.

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