Anti-sperm antibodies

• The material for testing is blood.
• The patient does not need to fast. It is recommended to drink a glass of water approximately 30 minutes before the examination.

Antisperm antibodies may be present in semen, cervical secretions, or serum during immunological infertility.
These antibodies have also been reported in isolated cases in patients after vasectomy or during urogenital infections.

Approximately 10% of infertile men have antisperm antibodies. These antibodies may be present in adolescent boys with urogenital infections. Antisperm antibodies are most common in individuals of reproductive age, and the percentage of detected antibodies decreases with age.

In cases of unsuccessful pregnancy attempts, antibodies may be present in women or men and may be detected in cases of both primary and secondary infertility. Women produce alloantibodies against sperm. Antisperm antibodies interfere with various processes during fertilization, resulting in the inability to achieve natural pregnancy.

Testing for sperm antibodies is often the first indication of the cause of unexplained infertility.
Methods for detecting these antibodies in serum and semen include direct and indirect immunofluorescence.
According to WHO recommendations, both serum and semen should be tested for all immunoglobulin classes.

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